Pyocele of the scrotum: a consequence of spontaneous bacterial peritonitis.

Risk of a first community-acquired spontaneous bacterial peritonitis in cirrhotics with low ascitic fluid protein levels.

BACKGROUND & AIMS Long-term primary antibiotic prophylaxis of spontaneous bacterial peritonitis has been suggested to be useful in cirrhotic patients with low ascitic fluid protein levels. However, it is unlikely that all such patients need prophylactic treatment. The aim of this study was to identify the group of cirrhotic patients with low ascitic fluid protein levels at high risk of developi...

Switch therapy with ciprofloxacin vs. intravenous ceftazidime in the treatment of spontaneous bacterial peritonitis in patients with cirrhosis: similar efficacy at lower cost.

BACKGROUND Intravenous administration of a third-generation cephalosporin is optimal antibiotic treatment for spontaneous bacterial peritonitis. AIMS To compare an intravenous-oral step-down schedule with ciprofloxacin (switch therapy) to intravenous ceftazidime in the treatment of spontaneous bacterial peritonitis, and to evaluate the impact of terlipressin and albumin in the treatment of ty...

Spontaneous bacterial peritonitis in extrahepatic portal venous obstruction

Spontaneous bacterial peritonitis is defined by a positive ascitic fluid bacterial culture and an elevated ascitic fluid absolute polymorphonuclear count (≥250 cells/mm3) without an evident intra-abdominal, surgically treatable source of infection. Transient ascites is well documented in patients with extrahepatic portal venous obstruction but spontaneous bacterial peritonitis complicating extr...

Optimal management of hepatorenal syndrome in patients with cirrhosis

Hepatorenal syndrome (HRS) is a functional renal failure that often occurs in patients with cirrhosis and ascites. HRS develops as a consequence of a severe reduction of effective circulating volume due to both an extreme splanchnic arterial vasodilatation and a reduction of cardiac output. There are 2 different types of HRS. Type 1 HRS, which is often precipitated by a bacterial infection, esp...

Comparison of three culture methods for diagnosis of Spontaneous Bacterial Peritonitis (SBP) in adult patients with cirrhosis